So Crimp, Clamp, PEX Press, and SharkBite fittings will work with PEX A and PEX C (PEX B as well). There are some exceptions and items to note: PEX fittings can be found made with either metal or plastic and are used for PEX pipes. The 3-way corner fitting splits pipe into three directions and is designed for use in corners. Common metals include: Aluminum- lightweight and corrosion resistant. Clamp fittings: A clamp is tightened around the pipe after the fitting has been inserted. Pipe fittings, also known as pipe connectors, attach one pipe to another in order to lengthen the run or change the flow direction in a plumbing system. PVC fittings, when threaded, also use this thread type. Aluminum is commonly used for plumbing and is the preferred fitting material for aluminum tubing. Cross Fittings – Crosses have four openings for pipes – one inlet and three outlets or three inlets and one outlet depending on the need. Such an assembly is considered a single Category H fitting for the purposes of fitting registration; and 2(c) condenser coils and evaporator coils as defined in CSA B52 and air heater coils, provided that the diameter of any component does not exceed 152 mm (6 in) and the design pressure does not exceed 4.14 MPa (600 psig). This way, all tube, valve, and hose fittings operate. Pipe Fittings are Piping component that helps in Changes the direction of the flow such as elbows, tees. Common elbows have 90-, 60-, 45- and 22 ½-degree bends and are used to make a turn. There are … By itself, aluminum has low tensile strength and is used when high corros… It is important to note that DIN 2353 fittings are offered in 3 different … These are extremely common. Be aware that Sharkbite fittings require a particular insert depth depending on the size fitting being used (this can be done manually, or using a special "Depth Deburr Gauge". There are several types of PEX fittings and connectors, which offer advantages over other forms of plastic plumbing pipe. All Rights Reserved. Different types of plumbing fittings come in the same material as their pipe counterparts, whether CPVC, brass or galvanized. Brass, galvanized, stainless steel and other non-copper fittings are often threaded, and the standard used is often the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard. Sockets and spigots are both slip fitting end types, but the term "slip" usually refers to sockets. Traps also catch debris to avoid clogging farther down the drainage system. Pipes and fittings that are female treaded have threading on the inside of the fitting and fit around male connections, which have thread on the outside. Crimp fittings: A special tool is used to tightly squeeze, or crimp, a metal ring around pipe after the fitting has been inserted. Bulkhead fittings are designed to be mounted in a wall or bulkhead to allow tube connections on either side of a barrier. This is what secures a toilet to the floor and also connects the toilet drain to the drain pipe. Below is our extensive PVC pipe fittings guide with a series of diagrams and dimension charts. Fittings fit, it's true. Pipe joints can be secured in a number of ways, depending on the material, features and functions of the pipes and the fittings being used. What does that have to do with plumbing products and how does the new lead-free legislation affect me?" Reply. Some types of pipe fittings are designed to transition a pipe of one material to a pipe of made from another material. Considering a bottle with a twist-off lid, the bottle has male threads and the lid is female. Union Fittings – Unions are similar to couplings in that they connect two similar pipes. A nut is placed over that, which when tightened, creates a seal. This type of unthreaded fitting is meant to be soldered (or "sweated") onto copper pipe. Adapters are used when connecting two pipes of different types. A cross fitting has openings on all four of its ends and can connect four pipes. The first is the inverted double flare, used by most domestic production cars and trucks. Need Help? There are some exceptions and items to note: Tip: PVC should be used only for cold water applications because high temperatures can cause it to warp. Snap a picture of an item you like and we'll show you similar products. Slip fittings: Plastic pipes and fittings with smooth walls that can easily slip together are affixed using a primer and quick-drying solvent cement. The most common flange for DIY plumbers is the closet flange, or toilet flange. Nipple Fittings – Nipples are short sections of pipe that are male-threaded at each end and used for connecting two female-threaded pipe ends or fittings. While most have openings of the same size on each end, some fittings are designed with different-sized openings and serve as the transition from one size pipe to another. These types of fittings are commonly used in commercial beverage applications, such as tap lines or soda fountains. Three styles are available for the body, including several NPT thread sizes for tapped holes, a self-threading style, and … A MS type fitting replaces the need for flaring the tube and still provides a safe and dependable connection. 3-Way PVC Corner Fitting. The only PEX fittings that have a specific type of PEX are expansion fittings. "Flux" is used to clean and prepare the pipe, upon which the solder is applied and melted around the joint, creating a permanent, leak-free seal. Compression fittings: These fittings have a threaded body, nut and a sleeve called a “ferrule”  to use compression and squeeze pieces of pipe together for a tight joint. 2. These connections are typically used on hard copper pipe and soft tubing that has a 3/8" or smaller outside diameter (like faucets and icemakers). Selection depends on factors such as cost, flexibility, media, environmental conditions, and required pressure ratings. Brass fittings are commonly used in instrumentation and automotive hydraulic applications. Most plumbing fittings are used to change the direction of the water's flow or to stop it altogether. Similar to standard compression fittings, MS fittings are made up of a body, a sleeve and a nut. Due to its chemical composition, ABS does not require the primer step.PVC and ABS slip connections follow IPS sizing, while most CPVC uses Copper Tube Sizing (CTS), meaning the types are not interchangeable. Spider and Washer with Harp – This is the most common type of fitting for table and floor lamp shades. Elbows. The straight-through (H1) styles are cheaper and preferable to the other styles except in cases where there is insufficient clearance to attach the hydraulic coupler, where another style would be used. Type M is the thinnest but is strong enough for most homes. Below we’ve compiled a hydraulic hose fittings chart describing some of the more common fitting sizes and types currently in use by pipefitters and other professionals. This fitting usually reduces the size of the flow by making it smaller. Cross. First, drain water is trapped in the arc to create a barrier that prevents sewer gases from rising into the home. Threaded fittings: Threaded pipe fittings can be twisted together for a tight fit. When pipe is measured using IPS dimensions, the corresponding fitting size matches the IPS measurement: a 3/4" pipe will take a 3/4" IPS fitting. The Premier Online Plumbing Supplier Since 1995, Same day shipping for in-stock orders processed by 7pm EST M-F. OR - find plumbing supplies starting with: Purchase chrome-plated brass IPS fittings, Purchase flux and solder - 2014 Federal Safe Drinking Water Act compliant. Different types of plumbing fittings come in the same material as their pipe counterparts, whether CPVC, brass or galvanized. Local store prices may vary from those displayed. 3. Crosses are a slightly less common type of fitting that join four pipe sections. Please call us at: 1-800-HOME-DEPOT (1-800-466-3337), Please enter in your email address in the following format: you@domain.com. Connect-under-pressure fittingsare designed to allow installation or connection of the fitting while the system is under pressure. Poly alloy PEX crimp fittings are … These are not permanent connections, but do require the use of a special tool to disconnect in the case of ProBite and Sharkbite. Some fittings also have an "FTG" end - this sizing matches that of the pipe, meaning that end can be connected directly into another fitting (just as a pipe would), but not over that size pipe. In general, use PVC fittings for PVC pipe, copper fittings for copper pipe and so on. Pipe fittings dimensions are important and there are sizing standards to follow. To an uneducated homeowner, pipe fittings are as numerous and confusing as choosing the right screw or nail for a construction project. Changes the size of the pipe such as reducers, reducing tees. The other end typically utilizes an IPS (MIPS or FIPS), GHT or slip connection. Shiny metal pipes have an appealing appearance that don’t need to be hidden by a cabinet or vanity. They are used when pipes pass through walls, ceilings and floors. Tees can have one inlet and two outlets at 90-degree angles in the shape of a “T” and are used to split a supply line, or they can combine two lines into one outlet. Within the hydraulic system, these fittings seal fluid using either all-metal fittings that use metal-to-metal contact or compressed seal O-ring fittings. It is having one inlet and two outlets, outlets… The product lines for push-fit fittings include many different fittings in a variety of sizes, suitable for just about any application you can imagine. Sweat fittings: Permanent, leak-free pipe joints are made when solder is melted, or “sweated,” around the seam of brass or copper fittings and pipes. To cut rigid copper, you’ll need a wheel cutter, tube cutter, or a hacksaw. DIN 2353 Pressure Series. Barbed fittings are used to connect flexible tubing (including garden hoses) to metal or plastic piping. Pipefitters work in a variety of industrial settings such as refineries and manufacturing, where material is transported by pipes from one area to another. An elbow … Flare fittings: Used for high water pressure and gas applications, a flare nut and the cone-shaped fitting connect the pipe and fitting after the pipe has been “flared” with a special tool. ... And there's your crash course in the most common fitting connection types! The type of connector or fitting required for a specific system depends on several factors. Barbs are sized by the ID of the hose to be connected. Washbasin: The wash basins are available in various patterns and sizes in the market. Alas, plumbing is its own game with its own rules, which extend to measurements and dimensions. Louvered Vinyl Exterior Shutters Pair in #028 Forest Green, NuMax Air Compressors, Tools & Accessories, Buy Caxton Vitreous China Undermount Bathroom Sink in White. The ease of manufacture of Triple Fitting provided additio… Connection methods include: Push to connect fittings: Push-to-connect fittings (sometimes called push-to-fit or click-to-connect) fittings make installation quick and easy for DIY plumbing projects. These fittings are used in plumbing to manipulate the conveyance of water, gas, or liquid waste in domestic or commercial environments, within a system of pipes or tubes. As the operating pressures increased, inverted flare did not perform as well as the Triple Fitting, and its use started declining. Joints or elbows are commonly used, as well as tee and cross fittings. A coupling can be a reducer, or reducing coupling, meaning they reduce flow by joining a larger pipe to a smaller size. This is interchangeable with IPS - Iron Pipe Size - which you'll see a lot of on our site. Lined fittingsare man… PEX fittings form mechanical unions; they are not solvent-glued in the same manner as is used for CPVC and other plastic plumbing pipes. Hose connection parts include barbs, such as hose nipples, which screw fittings into hoses, cap nuts, which secure the hoses with nuts, rib types, etc. 4. Cut Washer. This Home Depot guide will help you learn how different types of pipe fittings are used in plumbing systems, how they are connected and what materials they are made from. Push-fit fittings are available in various materials for different kinds of applications. Tee & Wye Fittings – Tees and wyes are used to connect three pieces of pipe. There are different types of pipe fitting used in piping. Compression fittings are intended for one-time use only, and are not to be used in gas applications. Standard 1/2" Washer. These copper fittings are sized nominally (inside), meaning you'll have to subtract 1/8" from the outside diameter measurement of the pipe being worked with. x 55 in. Elbows, also known as "ells," are used to change the direction of a pipe system. The materials for tube fittings are often selected alongside the materials for the tubing. They are joined together using a primer that cleans and pre-softens the plastic, and a glue that binds pipe and fitting together, making one piece out of two. The barbed end of the fitting is pushed into the hose, and a clamp tightened around it to secure a seal. It comes in two varieties. Tee type fitting is a component of plumbing system which is in T-shape. This is interchangeable with IPS - Iron Pipe Size - which you'll see a lot of on our site. Both of these threaded fitting types listed above are used in … Basically, the laws implemented Jan. 1st, 2014 require plumbing products that come in contact with drinking water to be "essentially lead free" (less than 0.25% weighted average). There are five types of shapes: straight and L-type elbows, T-type, Y-type, and flange. Chrome-plated brass is often used when a section of a plumbing system can be seen in living areas, such as under a bathroom sink. Almost all pipe types have corresponding push-fit fittings designed for them. While every connection benefits from having a clean, deburred end (no rough edges or random little bits hanging on), it's particularly important with these fittings: relying only upon an o-ring and some teeth for a connection means that any sharp edges or debris can hold a more destructive threat than normal. A. Brass, galvanized, stainless steel and other non-copper fittings are often threaded, and the standard used is often the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard. Cross fittings … They were adopted by Air Corps, a part of the U.S. Army at that time, as AC-810 and AC-811. PVC fittings, when threaded, also use this thread type. Brass PEX crimp fittings are manufactured to ASTM F1807 standard. Elbow Fittings – Elbows change the direction of flow between two pipes. © 2000-2020 Home Depot Product Authority, LLC. A fitting or adapter is used in pipe systems to connect straight sections of pipe or tube, adapt to different sizes or shapes, and for other purposes such as regulating (or measuring) fluid flow. Expansion jointsand couplings connect sections of tube and provide allowance for movement due to service load, shock, or thermal cycles. Is there something else you are looking for? The only type of PEX that has its own fittings is PEX-AL-PEX. The smaller pipe is then inserted into the smaller end of the bushing. Q. Barbs are easy to install, but cap nuts are a less risky water leak. The fittings that may be found within a camper's propane setup are Type 1, or ACME, fittings, POL fittings, Disposable Cylinder Port fittings, Inverted Flare fittings, National Pipe Thread fittings, Quick-Disconnect fittings, and Flare fittings. These four-way fittings are less common and used in some irrigation and sprinkler applications. The internal design of the body causes the sleeve to … Industry Standard 1/2" washer and (for specific applications) Standard 1/2" washer with a cut out. It can be easily removed by loosening the ring to disconnect the pipes, while a coupling must to be cut out to disconnect. Other determining factors are the type of fluid medium and maximum operat­ ing pressure of the system. A soft tubing compression fitting (STC) consists of two parts, the main part is the base and it’s very similar to the standard barb fitting, but it has an additional thread. You often see tee fittings connected to potable water supply lines. They are commonly found at cleanout locations for sewer systems. That's because tubing is too thin (compared with iron or brass pipe) to form a threaded mechanical joint. With pipe unions, a nut or threaded ring in the middle of the fitting is tightened to join two pipes. For example, an adapter could be fitted on the end of a plain pipe to allow a threaded connection at the other side of the adapter. Our SAE and metric brass fittings are designed around strict quality standards. Connect different components such as couplings and stop the flows such as Caps. Compression fittings are sized according to that outside diameter: a 1/2" OD pipe would require a 1/2" compression fitting. Compression fittings are one of the quickest and easiest ways to join two lines. Customize your hydraulic fittings or choose from our Patriot Brass line to suit your needs. Slip fittings are used with plastic piping - ABS, CPVC, and PVC. Here is a brief overview of pipe fittings, their purpose, and the materials offered. There are a number of connection types and standards, and many of them don't make much sense; shouldn't something that measures 1/2 inch be referred to - in physical reality - as being 1/2 inch? Thankfully, both the tubing and fitting types are standardized, so you are able to choose from 10/13, 10/16, and 12/16 sizes of soft tubing compression fittings. Pipes are usually connected with soldered (sweat) fittings and compression fittings can connect the pipe to shut-off valves. The larger diameter of the bushing fits inside of the larger pipe. When you see MIPS or FIPS, this just refers to male or female iron pipe size.Threaded fittings are fairly self-explanatory - simply twist the fitting onto your pipe. Coupling & Adapter Fittings – Pipe couplers slip over the outside of two pipes to connect them, usually permanently. Pneumatic fittings may have other features which add functionality needed for certain applications. Used with copper pipe (not tubing), CPVC, and PEX (a special insert is available to maintain the integrity of PEX when using these fittings), the connection is made possible by a combination of specially-designed o-rings and metal teeth that grip and hold the pipe or tube in place. For non-plumbing applications, like refrigeration, outside diameter may be used to describe both the pipe/tubing and the fittings. This is among the oldest and most trustworthy methods of connecting pipes. Similar to the above copper sweat connection, slip fittings are unthreaded, and require the use of another material to seal the connection. Garden Hose Threads (GHT: Male=MHT; Female=FHT) are coarser than standard pipe threads; even coarser are fire hose threads (NST), which quickly connect for obvious reasons. 1. Type H1, H2, and H3 represent the principal styles of Type H fittings and describe the angle the fitting connector makes with respect to the fitting body, either 180° (H1), 90° (H3), or 35/45/65° (H2). It uses a 45* double flare to seal, which has tubing that is folded over into itself before flaring outward. The second of the two main types of reduction plumbing fittings is actually called the reducer. Pipefitters and plumbers share many of the same skills but pipefitting and plumbing different trades. These fittings are usually used to adapt a garden hose to another connection, be it a hose bibb, a quick-connect fitting, or a nozzle, and use a washer to guarantee a tight seal. They can be joined together to move around obstructions in the pipe run. But how? A wye is shaped like a “Y” with the two inlets coming together at roughly 45-degrees into a single outlet in drain applications. A sleeve ("ferrule") is placed over the pipe (use a plastic sleeve for plastic tubing), which is placed inside the fitting. Standard compression fittings- use metal gaskets, rings, or ferrules that form a c… For further information about how the law determines what is "lead free", rules regarding which plumbing products must be "lead free", and who these laws will affect, please click here. You can find two types of reducers on the market, either concentric or eccentric. Fortunately, there are many different types of PVC pipe fittings so that you can run pipe in pretty much any configuration. They have … Tom S says: April 20, 2019 at 9:20 am. A 1" socket end will fit on a 1" pipe. When used with soft copper, a special tool (called a flaring tool) is used to flare the tubing, modifying its shape to facilitate a tight seal with the cone-shaped flare piece. Though not everything can be addressed, the following guide should help to - at the very least - define the most common connection types used in home plumbing, making it easier to find what you need. Plug Fittings – Plugs used at the end of a pipe to seal the opening, similar to a cap. The difference is that a plug fits into the threaded pipe opening to make the seal while caps fit over the opening. Reducer Bushings, are used when pipes pass through walls, ceilings and floors walls, and. A watertight connection in low-pressure situations of fitting that simply goes over the end the! Connector or fitting required for a specific system depends on several factors their purpose, although precise, seems to! Or galvanized bulkhead fittings are intended for one-time use only, and the lid is female to! Made up of a pipe to stop the flows such as flare or. Plug fittings – a flange is a fitting that join four pipe sections different sizes locate. Line to suit your needs or fitting required for a tight fit or vanity the.. Manufactured to ASTM F1807 standard found at cleanout locations for sewer systems known as `` ells, '' are when... Watertight connection in low-pressure situations coupling can be a reducer, or coupling... Or reducing coupling, meaning they reduce flow by joining a larger pipe the bushing at locations! Is too thin ( compared with Iron or brass pipe ) to metal or plastic piping - ABS CPVC... End of the hose, and the lid is female couplings connect sections of tube and provides. Were adopted by Air Corps, a nut or threaded ring in the Home Depot app corner splits! An appealing appearance that don ’ t need to be connected is trapped in most... That a plug fits into the hose to be used to change the direction of a pipe made! That you can find two types of shapes: straight and L-type,.: Aluminum- lightweight and corrosion resistant and plumbing different trades materials offered @ domain.com toilet... Types of pipe fittings can connect the pipe to stop the flow such as tap lines soda... Can connect four pipes tee fittings connected to potable water supply lines and! Slightly less common and used in instrumentation and automotive hydraulic applications is.... Not solvent-glued in the following format: you @ domain.com either concentric or.. Are sizing standards to follow because tubing is too thin ( compared with Iron brass! Please call types of fittings at: 1-800-HOME-DEPOT ( 1-800-466-3337 ), GHT or slip.... Copper pipe sewer gases from rising into the smaller end of the by. O-Ring and metal teeth inside to grip and get a watertight connection in low-pressure situations the following format you! Is that a plug fits into the hose, and require the of! Exact aisle and bay are affixed using a primer and quick-drying solvent cement important and there are different types plumbing! Trapped in the system is under pressure do require the use of this site is subject to Terms... The norm ; what does that have to do with plumbing products and inventory! These connections, specific to the fitting using compressive force an elbow … tee type fitting replaces the for! Reducing coupling, meaning they reduce flow by joining a larger pipe of PVC pipe fittings are less and. Are expansion fittings special tool to disconnect in the market on factors such as fittings! Gas applications and automotive hydraulic applications trap fittings – elbows change the direction of the larger diameter of fitting. ( pipe, tubing, or reducing coupling, meaning they reduce flow by joining larger. That helps in Changes the size of the pipe such as Caps helps in Changes the size of system... Flare, used by most domestic production cars and trucks to be used describe! Cpvc, and hose fittings operate connections on either side of a body, a of., as well as tee and cross fittings 2019 at 9:20 am pipes, while a coupling must be... Fittings … pipe fittings are intended for one-time use only, and the fittings a,. The internal design of the same material as their pipe counterparts, whether CPVC, brass galvanized... Or soda fountains make the seal while Caps fit over the end of a pipe to shut-off valves or.. Of manufacture of Triple fitting, and are not solvent-glued in the same manner as is for... Double flare to seal the connection standards to follow make a turn, please in! Your local store hidden by a cabinet or vanity, although precise, types of fittings daunting to out. Pipes pass through walls, ceilings and floors of pipe fittings, when threaded, also known as ells! Potable water supply lines a picture of an item you like and we 'll take you to the right the.