CC, AC = CYP1A2*1C = Slow Metabolizer. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). 85% of Americans consume a caffeinated beverage daily, averaging about 165 mg per day. Currently, there are around 60 types of CYPs that are responsible for metabolizing bile, drugs and toxins in the human body. Accessed May 1, 2018, https://www.coca-colaproductfacts.com/en/faq/caffeine/caffeine-in-coke-and-diet-coke/, https://www.monsterenergy.com/products/monster-energy. CYP1A2: Gene polymorphism: In particular, two Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) are found to influence caffeine metabolism: rs762551 ; rs2472297; rs762551. Polimorfizm pojedynczego nukleotydu (SNP) w obrębie CYP1A2 (rs762551) wpływa na szybkość metabolizmu kofeiny przez układ enzymatyczny cytochromu P450. The major allele variant is *1F. (1999). We selected the CYP1A2 SNP that is most strongly associated with (i) DBP in the GWAS (rs1378942) , (ii) reported caffeine intake in the CoLaus study (rs1133323) and (iii) CYP1A2 enzyme activity (rs762551) . 2016 Dec;71:294-312. Available from: McLellan TM, et al. Drinking all these different caffeinated drinks can add up and become harder for the body to breakdown, depending on your caffeine metabolism. Your caffeine levels peak about 1-hour after consumption and then start to decrease gradually. CYP1A2 is an enzyme found primarily in the liver that affects the metabolism of substrates such as estradiol (estrogen), propranolol (heart medication), caffeine and Cymbalta (antidepressant). Part of Our Deep Dive Genetics Series. } .myheritage_health_ad_container .myheritage_ad_mobile { Have questions? This can slow the breakdown of caffeine, for example, leading to caffeine overstimulation. Accessed May 1, 2018, Flockhart DA. Individuals with this variant should be mindful of drinking their last caffeinated drink in the afternoon. The CYP1A2∗1F variant appears to increase the clearance of caffeine in smokers; other SNPs, alleles, or haplotypes might increase or decrease caffeine metabolism. Historically, the mostimportant CYP1A2 drug interactionswere probably severe theophylline toxicitydue to concurrent use of theophyllinewith CYP1A2 inhibitors suchas ciprofloxacin or fluvoxamine. Conversely, research has found people with the C allele are slow caffeine metabolizers meaning it takes their body longer to break down caffeine which can lead to a stronger response to caffeine. Thesestill occur occasionally, even withreduced use of theophylline, but themany newer C… CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance. Habitual caffeine consumption varies widely between individuals and can be influenced by many lifestyle factors (11, 12). Doses ranging from 40-300 mg can improve cognition, as well as mental alertness due to lack of sleep. CYP1A2 breaks down toxins, drugs, hormones, and metabolic waste products. Smoking and certain cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli are common triggers that can induce the enzyme, which speed up metabolism, while drugs such as amiodarone (heart medication) and ciprofloxacin (antibiotic)  inhibit it, or slow it down. Accessed May 1, 2018, In conclusion, knowing your genetics can help you have a better understanding of why you can only drink 1 cup of coffee before noon or you can drink coffee right up until bed. Gen CYP1A2 koduje białka z rodziny cytochromu p450, które metabolizują składniki odżywcze i leki. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs762551A.C, which has also been studied for its modifying effect on cardiovascular disease, CYP1A2 is an enzyme responsible for the metabolism of caffeine and some drugs. Function. There is growing evidence that genetic factors also contribute to habitual caffeine consumption (17–20). U.S. National Library of Medicine. Certain drugs can induce or inhibit the enzyme, affecting the metabolism of drugs that use the same pathway. For example, smoking will induce CYP1A2, which will speed up the metabolism of caffeine. Additionally, consuming more than 200 mg of caffeine within 1 hour of physical exercise has been shown to improve physical performance. Background: Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) from populations of European descent identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2 (CYP1A1-CYP1A2) genes that are associated with habitual caffeine and coffee consumption. The rs762551 polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene was initially used to identify fast and slow metabolizers of caffeine. One well known substrate of CYP1A2 is caffeine; individuals who carry one or more CYP1A2*1C alleles are "slow" caffeine metabolizers, whereas carriers of the variant CYP1A2*1F are "fast" caffeine metabolizers.The same amount of caffeine will therefore tend to have … } Caffeine is the main probe drug used to assess CYP1A2 activity in vivo. CYP1A2 can also be stimulated or inhibited by numerous medications and food-drug interactions. Also known as -164A>C or -163C>A, is a SNP encoding the CYP1A2*1F allele of the CYP1A2 gene. Although eating a meal can slow its absorption into the bloodstream. caffeine) that are also metabolized using the same enzyme. 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